Glossary of mobile terms

3G
3G is the term given to the range of infrastructure and handsets developed to provide much enhanced data communication services within the cellular networks. Third generation, or 3G as it is widely known, mobile licenses were awarded to Network Operators in April 2000. This network means that advanced mobile phones can take advantage of technology such as full high-speed net surfing, and video messaging.

3 Way Calling
3-way calling allows you to conduct a conference call between three parties. This is a network- and subscription-dependent feature and is not available in all areas. Call The Carphone Warehouse Customer Services team to find out whether this service is available to you.

AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)
A type of digital sound file offering better sound quality than the same size of MP3 file.

Accessories
A wide variety of additional pieces of equipment to enhance the productivity of your mobile phone. They include batteries, handsfree kits, car kits, cases and belt clips.

Airtime
Airtime refers to the time tracked by your service/network provider to determine your billing costs. It includes making/receiving calls, retrieving voicemail, text/picture messaging, email and faxing.

All Inclusive
All inclusive means that you pay for a whole year's monthly service charges up front, which gets you a discount. A certain number of minutes on the phone per month are included in the all-inclusive price. All inclusive packages are often referred to as 'pay monthly' plans.

Analogue
Analogue is the old technology that was used for mobile phones. Analogue phones can still be used however the mobile phone network was switched off in the summer of 2001.

Antenna
A device for sending and receiving radio signals. Some mobile phones have built-in antennas.

Anytime Minutes
Anytime minutes refer to airtime in a service plan that can be used at any time of day, any day of the week. If an unlimited evenings and weekends feature is subscribed, anytime minutes will be offset for use as "peak" or "weekday" minutes.

Automatic Lock
When activated, the phone will automatically lock each time it is turned off to help prevent unauthorised use.

Backlight/Back-lit Display
This refers to the light in the display and beneath the keypad of phones, which makes the phone or keypad more visible in poor lighting conditions.

Back Up
Backing up information refers to creating copies of files which are stored in a safe place. It would automatically safeguard your phonebook contents against phone loss, damage or theft, while eliminating the need to manually transfer contacts when you replace or upgrade a phone. Whether you are a customer or not, The Carphone Warehouse offers a unique back up service called Memory Master™.

Band
In wireless communication, band refers to a frequency or contiguous range of frequencies.

Bandwidth
The capacity of a communications channel. Analogue bandwidth is measured in hertz (hz). Digital bandwidth is measured in Bits Per Second (Bps). The higher the network's bandwidth, the greater the volume of data that can be transmitted.

Base Station
A base station is a site containing a radio transmitter/receiver and network communication equipment. It electronically relays signals to and from mobile voice and data terminals or handsets. Base stations are generally constructed and placed on high buildings, hydro towers, monopoles, or other structures with a good elevation above the area to be covered. Several base stations within an area form a wireless network.

Battery
A device which stores energy by converting electrical energy into chemical energy and releases it when required. All mobile devices include a battery which requires recharging when energy levels run low.

Cache
A cache (pronounced cash) is a place to store something temporarily. When you visit a web page on your mobile phone it will be stored in the cache directory of your phone. This means that when you return to one of these pages, the browser can get it from the cache rather than the original server, which saves time.

Call Barring
A feature which allows the user to stop either outgoing or incoming calls. To activate call barring please contact The Carphone Warehouse Customer Services team.

Call Divert
A feature on a mobile phone which allows the user to redirect a call to either another phone number or to voicemail.

Caller Display
This feature, which is sometimes known as Caller ID, lets you see the name or number of the caller on the screen of a telephone handset. (You may also need to subscribe to your telephone network's Caller Display service).

Caller ID
A display used with a telephone (landline or mobile) to indicate the name and/or phone number of the person calling.

Call Forward
The call forward function allows you to temporarily redirect all of your incoming calls to another telephone number or to the user's voicemail system.

Call Holding
Call holding allows the user to put a call on hold and answer another call.

Call Waiting
While making a call, the mobile phone will alert you (generally with a series of soft beeps) that another person is trying to call you. You can choose to answer the call or it will forward the call to your voicemail. (This is a network- and subscription-dependent feature and is not available in all areas.)

Camera Flash
Many camera phones have a built-in flash, although some offer a separate camera flash unit that plugs into the phone.

Carkit
A device that enables you to talk 'handsfree' using your mobile phone in a car.

Car Charger
A cable that plugs into a cigarette-lighter socket and lets you recharge a mobile phone or other portable devices

CF Card
CompactFlash card - a type of memory card that is physically larger than most other cards.

Charging Cradle
A charger (for a mobile phone or other portable devices) that also holds the equipment it is charging.

Cordless phone
A telephone that has a 'base station' and a separate handset. The base station is connected to the telephone line and also to a standard mains socket. The handset has rechargeable batteries and its own radio transmitter, allowing it to communicate wirelessly with the base station.

Cradle
A charger (for a mobile phone or other portable devices) that also holds the equipment it is charging.

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
CDMA separates communications by code. Voice is broken into digitised bits, and groups of bits are tagged with a code. Each code is associated with a single call in the network. Groups of bits from one call are randomly transmitted along with those of other calls. Then they are reassembled in the correct order to complete the conversation.

Cell
The geographic area determining the signal range from each base station.

Cloning
Criminals with specialist equipment can capture identity codes from analogue mobile phones and create "clone" IDs allowing them to charge calls to your mobile phone account. Most mobile phone companies will normally refund the costs of such stolen phone calls - it is essential to check your bills carefully. Digital phones cannot be cloned in this way and are less vulnerable to eavesdropping than analogue phones.

Conference Call
A conference call allows you to bring two or more people into the call at once, the exact number of people you can join into the call depends on the model of the mobile phone. This service must be activated by the network provider.

Connection Fee
Sometimes a one-off connection fee will be charged when you start a contract with one of the networks. Many networks will offer free connection but do check before you sign up.

Contract
When a mobile phone user signs up for a pay monthly/contract tariff, the network provider will require the user to sign up for a minimum term - this is usually 12 or 18 months depending on the details of the offer. We recommend carefully checking the details of the contract before signing up.

Control Group
A control group is a selection of people who do not use mobile phones against which comparisons are made. A control group is a vital element to all mobile phone testing and research.

Coverage Area
Refers to the geographic area determining a network's service to users.

Cross Network
Also known as X-Net(work)
Cross network refers to using your mobile phone on networks other than the one to which you pay your monthly line rental. It is worth noting that cross network charges are generally much higher than same-network, so it makes sense to coordinate with those you wish to make the most calls to.

Data Card
A data card is a credit-card sized PC Card (also known as a PCMCIA card) which allows a computer to send messages over the GSM / DCS 1800 cellular network using a mobile phone. For a GSM / DCS 1800 Data Card you need a Class II or Class III card slot in your computer. This allows a fax and data compatible mobile phone to connect to a laptop or handheld computer. You can then use this connection to access data services such as the Internet or send faxes etc.

Data Cable
An accessory for transferring information and files to or from a computer. In many cases you can purchase a data cable that connects your phone to your computer, although some phones are supplied with a cable. You'll probably need to install special software on your computer; this software usually comes on a CD-ROM with your phone or your cable. You'll also find that many mobile phone manufacturers let you download the software from their web sites.

Data Services
The ability to access services such as e-mail, faxes and text (SMS) messages using a wireless phone or device.

Digital
Digital is the technology that all networks use. The digital network offers better coverage, more services and it is more secure than the old analogue network.

Digital Camera
A camera that records photos as electronic files instead of using film.

Digitally Enhanced Cordless Technology (DECT)
These are cordless phones that have a maximum range of 300 metres outdoors (and around 50 metres indoors), which is much better than analogue cordless phones. The digital technology also means improved sound quality and provides secure voice transmission that can't be overheard.

Dimensions
Dimensions of mobile phone handsets are generally measured in millimetres (mm) by height, width and depth respectively.

Direct Debit
A Direct Debit refers to regular payments that you authorise to be debited (withdrawn) directly from your bank account. Mobile phone bills can be paid by Direct Debit. To take advantage of online billing with The Carphone Warehouse, you must set up Direct Debit on your account.

Directory Enquiries
A service that lets you find personal or business telephone numbers by calling an operator or using the web. Directory Enquiries was once only operated by BT, although there are now a large number of companies that operate competing services.

Dongle
A plug-in device that connects to a USB port on your computer, enabling it to use Bluetooth.

Download
The process of "pulling" (or transferring) information from one computer onto another. For example, when you access a web site, the HTML code and graphics must be downloaded from a remote server onto your computer before you can see the web site. The time it takes to do this depends on the bandwidth of your connection to the Internet. The opposite action is upload.

Dual Band
Mobile communications work in 'bands' of frequencies. Mobile phones which operate on both the GSM 900 and GSM 1800 (MHz) bands are known as "dual-band" phones. This gives a greater choice of networks when roaming.

E-Commerce-Enabled
E-commerce refers to commercial transactions conducted over the Internet or via WAP-enabled mobile phones. A mobile phone can be "e-commerce-enabled" with a Smart Card module that attaches to the back of the handset. The module allows the owner to insert a bank Smart Card so that online e-commerce transactions can be made directly from the phone.

EDGE
EDGE (Enhanced Data Global Evolution) is an extension of GSM. EDGE gives the mobile telephone user access to increased bandwidth and multimedia services, such as video clips. From the point of view of the operator, the advantage of EDGE is that this technology allows the existing GSM infrastructure to be expanded to EDGE, achieving data transfer speeds almost as high as those of UMTS without the need to buy a UMTS licence or build a completely new infrastructure.

E-Mail (Electronic Mail)
E-mail, an abbreviation of electronic mail, is a method of sending messages, mail, pictures and information from one Internet user to another. E-mail can also be sent to a large number of addresses at once through a mailing list. Some cellular devices now have in-built functionality to allow users to send and pick up e-mail, enhancing their communication capabilities.

EPOC
Developed by Symbian, EPOC (derived from epoch – the beginning of an era) is a 32-bit operating environment comprising a suite of applications, customisable user interfaces, connectivity options and a range of development tools. It was designed for small, portable computer-telephones with wireless access.

Fascia
The front panel of a mobile phone. Some mobile phones have fascias that can be unclipped and replaced.

Fixed Line
Fixed-line networks usually transfer analogue data and fax. The GSM networks are digital.

Fitted Carkit
A professionally-fitted handsfree carkit that connects to a mobile phone using a cradle, which holds and charges the phone. The carkit is powered by the car, offering a separate microphone and loudspeaker for enhanced call quality.

Flash Memory
Flash Memory is a type of EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) used in PC Cards and Memory Cards. This type of memory is non-volatile and is often used to store data in devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, PDAs, and digital cameras. The memory is called 'flash' because multiple memory locations can be written or erased in a single action. As flash memory is written and erased in 'blocks' of memory, this means equipment using it can operate more quickly when required to read and write several locations at the same time. After a certain number of erasure cycles flash memory devices will eventually wear out, although for most practical applications this is unlikely to be a problem.

FM Radio
Some mobile phones include an integrated FM radio for listening to live-broadcast FM radio stations. Some phones with this feature require that a headset be connected to use this feature, so that the headset wire can be used as an antenna.

Freeware
Freeware refers to software where the author retains copyright of the software, but makes the program available to others for free. Freeware is often distributed on bulletin boards, or through user groups. The program may not be resold, altered or distributed by others for profit.

GB (Gigabyte)
A measurement of electronic data or computer memory. One gigabyte is usually thought of as 1,000 megabytes (although technically it is 1,024 megabytes).

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)
GPRS that is part of the GSM standard and delivers "always-on" wireless packet data services to GSM customers. GPRS can provide packet data speeds of up to 115 kb/s. GPRS promises continuous connection to the Internet for mobile phone and computer users. The higher data rates will allow users to take part in video conferences and interact with multimedia web sites and similar applications using mobile handheld devices as well as notebook computers.

Gobal Positioning Service (GPS)
A navigation system that works by using a network of orbiting satellites. Most GPS (Global Positioning Service) devices are either handheld or designed to be fixed in a car.

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
The most important aspect of GSM is its standardisation. This allows some one with a SIM card, to insert the SIM into any SIM Free GSM phone (with compatible frequencies) and the phone would work. This standardisation also applies to anywhere one goes with a GSM network. This is provided that the correct frequency of the card / network is available to that handset.

GSM frequencies are:
— GSM 900 (BT Mobile, Vodafone and most networks around the world)
— GSM 1800 (Orange, T-Mobile and some of the European networks)
— GSM 1900 (Used in USA and Canada)

Group Text Messaging
Group text messaging is a useful feature which enables the mobile phone user to send the same message to up to 50 people at once. However, not all handsets offer this feature.

Hand Off

In wireless mobile phone systems, the process of transferring a phone call in progress from one base station (tower) and frequency pair to another base station using a different frequency pair, without interruption of the call.
Many phones and networks are also capable of performing hand offs between different technologies. For example, a digital (CDMA or TDMA) call might be handed off to an analogue (AMPS) tower in the middle of the call, if the digital signal became too weak.

Handset
A handset is any handheld device used to transmit and receive calls from a wireless system. Also known as a wireless phone, a mobile phone, a PDA, a PCS phone as well as other terms.

Handset Manager
Computer software that lets you change or copy information from your mobile phone's memory using a PC.

Handset Memory
Handset memory refers to the memory built in to the mobile phone which you can use to store information. Many handsets now use dynamic memory which you can use to store what you want rather than having preset allocations for different types of files or information. Some handsets will have the option to add a removable memory card for additional storage.

Handsfree
Something that offers the ability to make or receive a telephone call without holding the phone. Most handsfree devices are headsets, although some mobile phones and fitted car kits use loudspeakers for handsfree calls.

Headset
A plug-in handsfree device, usually with a separate microphone and one or two earpieces.

HTML Browser
A browser is program which allows the user to view HTML pages. Most mobile phones nowadays include a WAP browser to enable users to view WAP pages on their handsets.

HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
This is a language used for creating web pages. Various instructions and sets of tags are used to define how the document will look. HTML files are then uploaded to the Internet and designed to be viewed in an HTML browser.

Icon
A small graphic symbol that represents a program, file, or folder on a computer. Clicking on an icon with a mouse generally causes the program to run, the folder to open, or the file to be displayed (if possible). Mobile phones also use icons to represent functions and services to help you navigate around the menu.

iGO
A popular all-in-one charging solution for mobile phones, music players, PDAs and other portable equipment. It consists of a universal charging unit and interchangeable tips that connect to the appropriate device and automatically select the correct voltage.

Illuminated Display
This function allows keypad viewing in the dark.

In-Car Charger
A cable that plugs into a cigarette-lighter socket and lets you recharge a mobile phone or other portable devices.

Inclusive Minutes
When signing up for a pay monthly mobile phone deal, some networks offer inclusive minutes in the package. It is important to check the terms of your contract as inclusive minutes can refer to a combination of evening and/or weekend calls, landline calls, cross network calls or calls to the same network only.

Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones (IEGMP)
In March 1999, the Chairman of NRPB, Sir Walter Bodmer FRS, was asked by Tessa Jowell, the Minister for Public Health, to set up an independent expert working group to assess the current state of research into possible health risks from mobile phones. The IEGMP was set up in 1999 and reported in May 2000. The Expert Group discharged its responsibilities when its report on Mobile Phones and Health was published on 11 May 2000.

Infrared
Many of the latest mobile devices incorporate infrared (IrDA) ports for cable free data transmission, via infrared light. Unlike Bluetooth, data transmission is point-to-point, requiring the ports to be lined up. Phones with infrared cannot connect handheld PC's or laptops to the Internet unless it also has a built-in modem.

Insurance
Most mobile phones are worth considerably more than you pay for them due to the subsidy of the handset when purchased with an airtime agreement. If you mobile is damaged or stolen it can be very costly to get a replacement. Insurance covers you against such an occurrence. The Carphone Warehouse provides its customers with unique range of Lifeline insurance policies.

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
ISDN is a high quality fixed telephone line used primarily for data transfer. ISDN is an international communications standard that allows ordinary phone lines to transmit digital instead of analogue signals, allowing data to be transmitted at a much faster rate than with a traditional modem. It is capable of transmitting voice, data and images at speeds higher than 56K.

International Commission for Non-Ionising Radiation Protection (ICNIRP)
ICNIRP's principal aim is to disseminate information and advice on the potential health hazards of exposure to non-ionising radiation to everyone with an interest in the subject. ICNIRP's information and advice covers all of the non-ionising radiations including, the optical radiations (ultraviolet, visible and infrared - and lasers), /static and time-varying electric and magnetic fields and radio frequency (including microwave) radiation, and ultrasound.

International Mobile Equipment Identifier (IMEI)
This is a 15-digit number that uniquely identifies a mobile phone. The IMEI number is situated on the back of the phone.

International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)
The IMSI uniquely identifies mobile subscribers to a mobile network and is stored on the handset's SIM card. Used currently in GSM networks. The IMSI is used only by the network to allow phone networks to track the location of phones and to assign call charges.

Internet
The Internet is a "network of networks" linking millions of computers worldwide for communications purposes. The Internet was originally developed in 1969 for the U.S. military and gradually grew to include educational and research institutions. Today commercial industries, corporations, and residential users all communicate using the Internet.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)
An ISP is a company which provides access to the Internet to organisations and/or individuals. Access services provided by ISPs may include web hosting, email, VoIP (voice over IP), and support for many other applications.

Ipod
A leading brand of digital music player.

Ipod Carkit
An in-car device that will connect an iPod to your car's stereo system.

Ipod Dock
An iPod holder that also charges it or enables it to connect to a computer.

Itemised Billing
Itemised billing lets the account holder see exactly what telephone calls have been made. The invoice will itemise each call made, the number dialled and the charge for the call. It will also itemise any messages sent. Itemised billing needs to be activated by the network - some networks may charge for this service.

Java™
With Java™ technology, phones can be enhanced by downloading life management tools, travel-related applications, information tools, and interactive games. When they are no longer needed, removing them is as simple as saving them. Enabled by Java™ technology, phone users can now not only decide what applications they want on their phones, but also the look and feel of them.

Jog-Dial
A single multi-function dial which allows single thumb scrolling up and down through menus and a selection of items (by pressing the dial inwards).

Keypad
Quite simply, this refers to the push buttons on a mobile phone or other device. The keypad includes the numerical and alphabetical keys, the answer and hang-up functions as well as the navigation keys to navigate through the phone's menu.

Keypad Lock
The keypad lock feature provided on most mobile phones allows the user to disable the keys so that a number will not accidentally be dialled while the phone is in your pocket or purse. This is an essential feature as it is very easy to dial 999 by mistake, and the police currently have to deal with wasted time tracing accidental calls.

Kilobyte (KB)
A measurement of electronic data or computer memory. One kilobyte is usually thought of as 1,000 bytes (although technically it is 1,024 bytes).

Lanyard
A cord or fabric band that hangs round your neck and holds your mobile phone securely.

Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a group of computers and other devices in a relatively limited area (such as a single building) that are connected by a communications link. This set-up enables them to exchange information and share resources such as printers, modems, and other devices.

Lifeline
Lifeline is a unique insurance offering from The Carphone Warehouse, providing tailor made cover aimed specifically at protecting your phone from most major eventualities (such as theft, loss and damage). A dedicated Lifeline support team handles all claims in-house.

Lithium Ion (Li-ion) Battery
A type of rechargeable battery that has an improved performance when compared with similar NiCd and NiMH batteries.

Media Player
Media Player is a small application used for playing audio and video files. It is supplied free with Windows.

Megabyte (MB)
A measurement of electronic data or computer memory. One megabyte is usually thought of as 1,000 kilobytes (although technically it is 1,024 kilobytes).

Megapixel (MP)
One million pixels. Pixels are the tiny coloured dots that create digital pictures. The greater the number of pixels in a photo, the higher the resolution (quality) of the image.

Memory
Memory is also referred to as RAM and enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data and programmes. One way to think of memory is as the "working energy" available to the computer. Every program you run requires memory and there is only a finite amount of it. The more memory you have, the more programs you can have running simultaneously and the more data can be held for speedy access by your machine.(Source: The University of Queensland)

Memory Card
A removable memory store that is used by some mobile phones, PDAs and digital cameras. There are several different types, so check that you are buying the right one.

Memory Card Reader
A computer accessory that enables a desktop or laptop PC to read the information from certain types of memory card.

Memory Master™
Memory Master™ is an exclusive service offered by The Carphone Warehouse. It offers to record SIM card details to help safeguard against losing your stored contacts in your phonebook should you phone be lost, damaged or stolen.

Memory Stick
Sony's preferred type of memory card. There are two different physical sizes of Memory Stick: the standard Memory Stick and the smaller Memory Stick Duo. In addition, there is now an improved-specification 'Pro' version of both types of Memory Stick - this isn't compatible with all types of Memory Stick equipment, so always check before buying.

Memory Stick Reader
A computer accessory that enables a desktop or laptop PC to read the information from Memory Sticks.

Menu
A menu is a list of options from which you can make a selection and then perform a desired action, such as choosing a command like Send or Go To. Nowadays, some menus on mobile phones have been designed to give the user a choice in the way their phone's menu is set up i.e some give the option to use lists or icons.

Message Centre
The mobile network you are with will supply you with their message centre number. Once programmed into your phone it will allow you to send text messages.

Micro Secure Digital Card
A type of memory card that was previously known as TransFlash.

Mini Secure Digital Card
A type of memory card.

Mobile Internet
The mobile Internet refers to Internet content viewable by wireless mobile devices, of which WAP is one, but not the only, example.(Source: WAPtutor)

Mobile Switching Centre
The part of a GSM network that takes care of switching requirements and gateways to other types of networks or communication devices.

Modem
Short for modulator/demodulator. A modem is used between a computer and a phone or cable line to convert the computer's digital signal to an analogue signal for the line and vice versa.

MP3
A type of digital sound file that is frequently used on portable music players.

MP3 Player
An MP3 Player is a portable music player with limited RAM memory that plays MP3 files. Nowadays, some mobile phones are sophisticated enough to include an MP3 Player.

MPEG 4
A type of digital sound or video file.

Multimedia Messaging (MMS)
With Multimedia Messaging (MMS), also referred to as Photo/Picture/Video Messaging, you can add far more content than just text, to your messages. You can have colourful images, animations, formatted text, video and recorded sound clips. Multimedia messages are sent over the Mobile Internet using WAP.
MMS requires your network operator to provide this service.

Mute Control
The facility mutes the handset or microphone to allow private conversations without the called/calling party overhearing.

Mviva
Mviva is a WISP that offers a variety of services through your mobile phone. Services that Mviva offer include email, text messaging, M diary, shopping, share trading, betting and all the very latest sport and news content.

Network
Calls to or from a mobile phone get to their destination via antenna located on buildings or masts. Each antenna (usually a group of antenna) is at the centre of what is known as a cell. A group of cells makes up a network. Because the power output from the mobile phones and antenna is relatively low, to communicate over anything but the smallest distances, a call has to be passed from one cell to the next until the signal gets to the intended receiver. Each cell overlaps with the neighbouring cell in the 'network' to allow calls to be passed on.
Network operators are companies that have been granted a licence by the Department of Trade and Industry to operate a telecommunications network. For the most part these are the mobile phone companies such as Orange, O2 and Vodafone.

National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB)
The NRPB was set up to provide the public with advice and protection on a variety of radiation topics in the UK. On 1 April 2005 the National Radiological Protection Board merged with the Health Protection Agency forming its new Radiation Protection Division. Please visit their website for further information.

Nickel Cadmium Batteries (NiCd)
The abbreviation for rechargeable Nickel Cadmium batteries (also known as Ni-Cad). The most frequently used type of rechargeable battery.

Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries (NiMH)

The abbreviation for rechargeable Nickel Metal Hydride batteries, which often have an improved performance when compared with NiCd batteries.

Off Peak Hours
This is the period of time after the business day has ended and at weekends during which networks may offer reduced airtime charges. This is because wireless networks tend to have less transmission at these times.

Online Billing
A service that lets you check your bills using the internet. This option usually replaces paper bills, although some organisations offer a combination of both.

Operating System (OS)
This is a software program that manages the basic operations of a computer system/mobile phone. These operations include memory apportionment, the order and method of handling tasks, flow of information into and out of the main processor and to peripherals, etc. Examples of a mobile phone operating system is Symbian and Microsoft.

Orange Value Promise (OVP)
Popular with those who like to juggle with their mobile costs, this is a guarantee by Orange that it will replicate any tariff offered by rivals if you think it will suit you better.

Pairing
The procedure for connecting two Bluetooth-enabled devices, which may involve entering a security PIN code.

Pay As You Go (PAYG)
Most networks offer customers a pay as you go (or pre-pay) option whereby no monthly line rental is paid, but instead credit vouchers are purchased in order to make telephone calls. Handset costs with pay as you go may be slightly higher than pay monthly handset costs, as networks do not subsidise this scheme in the same way as they do with pay monthly tariffs.

Pay Monthly
Pay monthly is a payment scheme whereby a 12 month (or occasionally 18 month) contract is agreed between the customer and a network. A monthly line rental is paid for a tariff which may include free talk time minutes and text messages. When signing up to a pay monthly tariff, handsets are generally given to the customer at low cost or free.

Pay Upfront
A payment scheme whereby a customer pays for 12 months' line rental in advance. The network in return will offer free talk time minutes every month.

PCMCIA Card
A credit card-sized PC Card that allows a computer to send messages over the GSM/DCS 1800 mobile phone networks using a mobile phone. For a GSM/DCS 1800 Data Card, you need a Class II or Class III card slot in your computer.

Personal Communications Network (PCN)
In the UK, the term is used to describe cellular mobile telephone networks licensed at higher frequencies (around 1.8 GHz). This network supports Personal Communications Services (PCS).

Personal Communications Services (PCS)
Any of several types of wireless, voice and/or data communications systems, typically incorporating digital technology. PCS licenses are most often used to provide services similar to advanced cellular mobile or paging services. However, PCS can also be used to provide other wireless communications services, including services that allow people to place and receive communications while away from their home or office, as well as wireless communications to homes, office buildings and other fixed locations.

Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)
Personal Digital Assistant – a handheld computer.

Portable Document Format (PDF)
A file format created by Adobe to provide a standard form for storing and editing printed publishable documents. Because documents in .pdf format can easily be seen and printed by users on a variety of computer and platform types, they are very common on the World Wide Web. To view files of this type, download the Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free from Adobe's Web site.

Peak Hours
Peak hours are the most expensive hours during the day, such as during the business day when wireless networks have the most transmission.

Personal Handsfree Kit
Handsfree (or hands-free) is the term used to describe the method of operating a device, such as a mobile phone, PDA or notebook (that is normally handheld), without holding or touching the handset. Some of these devices are fitted with a small speakerphone, which amplifies the voice of the caller and so makes it possible to conduct a conversation on the phone without holding it to the user's ear.
Many handsfree accessories are available, such as headsets and car kits, enabling the user to operate a mobile phone or similar communication devices without using their hands. Handsfree operation is considered to be an essential in-car safety requirement and as of 2003, it became a specific offence to use a handheld phone, or similar device, when driving. Most recent mobile phones now have a handsfree facility fitted as standard, or available as an optional extra.
Handsfree control is made easier in those mobile phones that are designed for operation by voice commands, which enables voice dialling and other menu selections to be made by the use of the voice alone. Bluetooth is another popular method of handsfree communication.

Phishing
Phishing, also referred to as brand spoofing or carding, is a variation on “fishing,” the idea being that bait is thrown out with the hopes that while most will ignore the bait, some will be tempted into biting. It is a particular tactic for committing online fraud and identity theft. A phisher sends out an e-mail, which poses as a legitimate business request – for example, a bank asking its customers to verify financial data. The email includes a link that purports to go to a legitimate banking website. However, the site is bogus and when the victim types in passwords or other sensitive information, that data is captured and subsequently used by the 'phisher' to commit fraud. (Source: The Resource for Security Executives)

Phonebook
A feature on a phone that allows the storage of names and telephone numbers in the phone's memory. More advanced phones allow users to store further information such as images, alternative phone numbers and email addresses. The information in the mobile phone's phonebook can be stored on either the SIM card or the phone's internal memory.

Photo Paper
Special glossy paper for printing photographs.

Picture and Video Messaging
The ability to send a photo or video clip from a compatible mobile phone to another mobile phone or email address. The service is sometimes known as MMS, which stands for Multimedia Messaging Service.

Personal Identification Number (PIN)
A PIN is used as a security measure to prevent unauthorised users making calls. You may want to set up a PIN for a variety of uses such as restricting handset access and retrieving voicemail. Each mobile phone network sets the PIN number of their SIM cards to a standard default SIM number. You can change this via your handset if you wish. If you have entered you're PIN incorrectly 3 times your SIM card will be blocked and you will be unable to make and receive calls/texts. To unblock your handset, you will need to obtain the PUK code from your Network/Service Provider.

Pixel
An abbreviation of the term 'picture element.' A pixel is the smallest picture element of a digital image. Display resolution described as being 640x480 has 640 pixels across the screen and 480 down the screen, for a total of 307,200 pixels. The higher the number or pixels, the higher the screen resolution.

Polyphonic
Polyphonic comes from the word polyphony, meaning "many sounds". It refers to music that has many notes sounding together, either in a chordal, or countrapuntal setting. Polyphonic ring tones vary in specification from phone to phone, but all polyphonic phones support the playing of more than one note together, so your ring tone is generally more musical.

Portability (Mobile Number)
Mobile Number Portability (MNP) is the ability to retain a mobile number when moving or porting from one mobile carrier to another. MNP occurs when the mobile network is different and mobile number is the same. This process is also sometimes called migrating or transferring. To begin the process, contact your current Service Provider (the company your contract is with) and ask for a Porting Authorisation Code (PAC). The PAC is your authority to request a transfer and will allow the Network you wish to move to, to request your number be transferred to them. However the PAC is only valid for 30 calendar days so you must action your request promptly.

Portal
Usually used as a marketing term to described a web site that is or is intended to be the first place people see when using the web. Typically, a portal site has a catalogue of web sites, a search engine, or both. A portal site also may offer e-mail and other service to entice people to use that site as their main "point of entry" (hence "portal" to the web). Most networks offer their own WAP portal which can be accessed via a WAP-enabled handset.

Predictive Text Messaging
Predictive text messaging is a facility built into many mobile phones that allows the phone to 'guess' the word you are trying to type. Predictive text messaging saves you having to press your mobile phone keys several times over to get the letters and words you want. Instead you just press the keys once and then go on to the next letter. Your mobile phone will then fill in (or predict) the word you are typing.

Pre-pay
A mobile phone service that does not have a minimum term or a contract to sign. Calls are paid for in advance by adding credit to the mobile phone account.

PsiWin
Software that allows a Psion and Windows PC to synchronise. Generally used to synchronise smartphones.

Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
PSTN refers to the established international telephone system carrying voice data over circuit switched connections. Newer developments such as ISDN are completely digital, while PSTN traditionally works on an analogue basis (even though PSTN-based networks also increasingly are implemented using digital technologies).

Personal Unblocking Key (PUK)
If the PIN number on a mobile phone has been entered incorrectly 3 times the phone will become blocked. To unblock the phone you need to obtain your 8-digit PUK number from your service provider.

Quad-Band
Quad-band Phone is a mobile phone that can operate worldwide on the 5 continents using the four main GSM frequency bands. A quad-band phone includes access to the GSM 900 and GSM 1800 bands - the bands available on dual-band phones - that are used in over 150 countries worldwide. These phones also cover the GSM 1900 band - normally included in tri-band phones - and this band is used in parts of the USA, Canada and South America. In addition, a quad-band mobile phone is capable of operating on the more recently allocated GSM 850 frequency band used on the American continents.

QWERTY Keyboard
This is the full keyboard of 26 letters, plus symbols, rather than the 12-button pad found on push-button mobile phones. A QWERTY keyboard (named for the keyboard's first six letters) makes entering messages quicker and more convenient.

Radiation
Mobile phones emit radio frequency (RF) radiation, which some studies have suggested may have implications for safe mobile phone use. Mobile phone radiation levels are measured as SAR values.

Radio Frequency (RF)
This is the type of radiation emitted from a mobile phone.

Random Access Memory (RAM)
A type of memory chip that can be written, read, and re-written. You can write to any part of it, thus the "random access" in the term. The slang term RAM refers to a computer's main memory, or the physical RAM chips installed in the system.

Resolution
The amount of detail you can see in a display screen or a digital picture. This is usually measured by counting the tiny coloured dots (pixels) that form the screen or picture.

Ring Tone
A ring tone is a sequence of sounds and tones alerting you of an incoming call. They can be in the form of simple beeps (monophonic), or polyphonic tones.

Roaming
Roaming generally refers to using your phone to make calls and send messages abroad. Roaming is available on all of the UK digital networks. How many countries you can roam to will depend on the number of roaming agreements your network has signed, and on the type of phone you have access to - Dual-band, Tri-band or Quad-band. Roaming must be requested from your network or airtime provider.

Rollover Minutes
With most tariffs, any unused minutes expire at the end of the month. However, some networks may offer customers the option to roll their unused minutes over to the next month.

RS-MMC Card
Reduced Size Multimedia Card – a type of memory card.

Satellite Navigation System
Handheld or in-car navigation devices that use GPS satellites to determine your current location and built-in map software to calculate a route to your destination.

Secure Digital Card
A type of memory card.

Security Code
A number used to prevent unauthorised or accidental alteration of data programmed into wireless phones. The security code can be used by the owner of a phone to change the lock code.

Service Agreement
A Service Agreement is the contract/agreement a user enters to with the mobile phone operator. Service agreements usually include a monthly fee and free minutes, depending on the tariff chosen.

Service Provider
A service provider is a company that provides services and subscriptions to telephone, mobile phone and Internet users.

Shareware
Shareware is software you can download, to try before buying. If you do decide to buy it, you're expected to pay a registration fee. This entitles you to technical support, updates from the author etc.

Shortcut Key
A shortcut acts as a quick link to something else, such as a program file, on your mobile phone or computer. Selecting a shortcut is the same as browsing the menu for the original file, so they can be placed on the Desktop (computer) or within a "Go To" list (mobile phone) as a quick way to start programs.

SIM (Card)
A SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card is a small, unique, electronic memory chip held in a mobile phone that uniquely identifies a subscriber on the GSM cellular phone standard. In order to make or receive calls, you need a SIM card in your GSM cellular phone. The SIM card determines the phone's number, and the call charges are billed to the SIM card rather than the cellular phone.

SIM Card Reader
A feature or device that lets you download your favourite telephone numbers from a mobile phone's SIM, saving you from entering all your names and numbers individually.

SIM Free
SIM Free refers to GSM phones that are sold without a connection or line. SIM Free phones can be locked to any particular network and therefore they may not accept any SIM inserted. A tri-band SIM Free phone will work on any GSM network in the world, but you must insert a SIM that works in the area that you want to use it.
All GSM 900 / GSM 1800 compatible SIM Free phones will work on any UK SIM.

SIM Lock
A SIM Lock code is a code which prevents your phone being used on other mobile networks in that it will not accept SIM cards from other networks. If your phone is bought with a pay monthly agreement or pay as you go, then your phone is likely to be SIM locked to that network. You can get the unlock code by contacting the network operator that you signed up with. The network operator may charge you a fee for this if you have not fulfilled your agreement.

Simple Carkit
A handsfree carkit that usually consists of a single unit combining a phone holder, a microphone and a loudspeaker. The carkit is powered by the car's cigarette-lighter socket.

Smart Media
A type of memory card.

Smartphone
Smartphones integrate PDA-type functionality into a voice-centric handset comparable in size to today's mobile phones. Smartphones give you a choice to communicate via voice or text along with the ability to access information and services (mobile internet browsing) so you can stay in touch while on the go. Smartphones are also capable of PC synching so that they can offer their users the ability to access applications such as MS Outlook.

SMS
Short Message Service, also known as Text Messaging

Speakerphone
A loudspeaker and built-in microphone that can be used for making and receiving handsfree calls.

Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)
SAR measures the amount of radio frequency emissions absorbed by human tissue when using your mobile phone. SAR data is used by clinical researchers studying the potential relationship between wireless phones and cancer. The SAR value of each mobile phone should be available from the manufacturer.

Speed Dial
A feature of both mobile and landline telephones that store frequently used telephone numbers which can be activated by pressing a key.

Standby Time
The maximum length of time you can leave a handset switched on before the batteries need recharging. Talking on a cordless phone or mobile phone will use more power, which is why a separate ‘Talk Time' figure is given.

Subsidy
When you purchase a mobile phone, it will be subsidised by whichever network you connect to. You may only pay £30 for a phone worth £200. This is why insurance is important, because if the phone is stolen the replacement cost will be a higher, unsubsidised price.

Symbian
Symbian is a joint venture between Psion, Ericsson, Nokia and Motorola to promote the EPOC operating system for wireless information devices. Symbian and its partners are working to facilitate key mobile standards, including Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), Bluetooth and Java.

Syncing
Synchronising the information from a portable device (e.g. music player, PDA or mobile phone) with a computer.

SyncML
Stands for Synchronisation Mark-up Language. SyncML is an industry-wide effort to create a single, common data synchronisation protocol between servers and various types of mobile application devices like PDA’s, mobile phones etc.

T9
T9 is a mobile messaging function that speeds up sending messages using the Short Message Service (SMS). T9 stores 'canned messages' which you can re-send again and again. (e.g. "I am running late" etc). "T9" stands for "Text on 9 keys".

Talk Time
The maximum length of time you can talk on your phone before the batteries need recharging.

Tariff
The tariff refers to the set of charges that apply depending on what service plan you have chosen.

Telephone Preference Service
The Telephone Preference Service (TPS) helps you control the companies and organisations that may want to call you with offers and information. It can be contacted online at www.tpsonline.org.uk or by calling 0845 070 0707.

Text Bundle
As an optional add-on at different prices, some networks offer customers the option to pre-pay for a number of text messages at the beginning of each month. Buying messages in bulk in this way means that the price per message is generally cheaper. They are a useful cost-saving initiative for those mobile phone users who send many text messages. It is important to check with the network whether or not they 'roll over' unused message allowances to the next month.

Text Messaging (SMS)
Text messaging, also known as SMS (Short Message Service) messaging, refers to the act of sending and receiving text messages on your mobile device. Text messages are short messages that can contain up to 160 characters. When you receive a new message, your phone will notify you, and the message will appear in your Inbox. Newer phones also enable users to receive e-mail or web-mail messages from a computer to their phone.

3G
3G is the term given to the range of infrastructure and handsets developed to provide much enhanced data communication services within the cellular networks. Third generation, or 3G as it is widely known, mobile licenses were awarded to Network Operators in April 2000. This network means that advanced mobile phones can take advantage of technology such as full high-speed net surfing, and video messaging.

Time and Date Stamp
Automatically displays the time and date of an incoming message.

Top Up Voucher
Top-up vouchers are available for pay as you go phones. As customers need to pre-pay for credit before they talk, top up vouchers are required to "top up" the level of credit on a pay as you go phone whenever required. These vouchers are available from The Carphone Warehouse in varying amounts depending on what the networks offer. Unfortunately The Carphone Warehouse does not currently sell top up vouchers through the website however, should you require more information, please speak to one of our knowledgeable Sales Consultants on 0808 100 9250.

Trade-in
Returning your old mobile phone to obtain a discount on the price of a new mobile phone.

TransFlash
The former name for Micro SD memory cards.

Tri-Band
A tri-band mobile phone is capable of operating on three frequency bands, 900mhz, 1800mhz and 1900mhz. A tri-band phone is needed to if you wish to use your phone in the USA.

Universal Mobile Telephone System (UMTS)
This is the European standard for third generation mobile telephony, to replace GSM. Enables the transmission of text, digitalised voice, video and multimedia as well constant connection to the Internet.

Unlocked
Unlocked or Off-line, refers to the same thing. All these are SIM Free GSM Phones that are sold without a connection or line and are not locked to any particular network. So you can be sure that the software that they have has not been interfered with. They also do not carry any logos or markings of a particular network.
These phones can accept any SIM that is associated with a compatible frequency.

Upgrade
The process that allows a user to change their mobile phone once they have completed their initial 12 month contract. An upgrade charge usually applies should the user wish to upgrade their handset before reaching the end of their contract. For more information, please visit our upgrades page.

Universal Serial Bus (USB)
The standard rectangular plug and socket for attaching accessories to most computers.

USB Pen Drive
A portable memory device combined with a USB plug. A Pen Drive is useful for transferring files between computers.

Vibrate Alert
The mobile phone includes a mechanical device that can make the phone vibrate when it would otherwise ring or make a sound, such as an incoming call or an alarm. This is often useful for situations where an audible ring tone would be inappropriate, such as in public or in office environments.
The feature can be enabled or disabled through the phone's settings. Some phones permit both a sound and vibration at the same time where others do not. Some phones vibrate more vigorously than others. In particular, since a motorized weight usually produces the vibrations, lighter-weight phones may have weaker vibrating mechanisms.

Voice Dial
Voice dial, also known as voice-activated dialling, allows you to call someone by pre-recording a voice tag for a contact in the mobile phone's address book and then saying their name after a prompt. The mobile phone will recognise your voice and will automatically dial the contact required.

Voicemail
This is a service offered by networks that will take voice messages for you if you are unable to answer a call. As charges may apply for retrieving messages, please check your tariff or contact your service provider.

Voice Memo
Voice Memo lets you record and store short voice messages that you can play back at any time. Many phones with this feature also let you record parts of phone conversations in progress. Some phones have a dedicated voice memo button to activate the feature. Some phones limit the memos to a certain length each, some limit number of memos and total length of all messages combined, while still others limit only total length.

Wallpaper
Graphic/picture/image spread across the background of your mobile phone/computer screen.

WAPWorld
WAPWorld is an independent WAP gateway and portal offering you the world of the wireless web on your mobile phone.

WAV
A digital sound file that offers high quality but also takes up a lot of computer memory.

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)
WCDMA is a technology for wideband digital radio communications of Internet, multimedia, video and other capacity-demanding applications. It has been selected for the third generation of mobile telephone systems in Europe, Japan and the United States.

Wireless
A communication system that uses radio transmissions instead of wires.

Wireless Phone
A handset that connects to the telephone network without using wires. This could refer to a cordless phone that's linked to a landline, a mobile phone connected to a mobile network or even a phone connected wirelessly to the internet.

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a global standard developed to make Internet services available for mobile users through the use of a mobile browser. Although WAP is based on Internet technology, WAP and the Internet live side by side. That is, WAP devices generally do not access Internet sites, and Internet devices generally do not access WAP sites. WAP is capable of displaying "mini websites", which look simple when compared with normal websites but which already provide a variety of powerful services including banking, ticket purchase, news updates and more.

Wireless Mark-up Language (WML)
Part of the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) , WML is a programming language allowing text portions of web content to be separated from graphical content for display on wireless devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, smartphones etc. The WML language is specifically devised for small screens and one-hand navigation without a keyboard.

WAP Internet Service Provider (WISP)
A WISP is a service provider that specialises in offering users wireless access to the Internet. Many WISPs offer hotspot access.

WMA
A type of digital sound file created by Microsoft for their Windows operating system. It offers better sound quality than the equivalent size of MP3 file.

X-Net(work)
Also known as Cross Network
Cross network refers to using your mobile phone on networks other than the one to which you pay your monthly line rental. It is worth noting that cross network charges are generally much higher than same-network, so it makes sense to coordinate with those you wish to make the most calls to.

xD Picture Card
A type of memory card used in some digital cameras.

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Zoom
Some camera phones have a zoom facility which you can use to bring an object closer rather than you moving closer to it. There are two types of zoom you should be aware of. A digital zoom will take each pixel that the camera sees and stretch it so that it appears larger. Doing this will reduce the overall picture quality and the more you do this, the more blocky the picture will appear. An optical zoom uses lenses to enlarge the image. This allows you to get closer to take a picture of the subject without reducing the quality.